நீச்சல் நீச்சல்

நீச்சல் தெரியாதவர்கள் ஆற்றிலோ, குளத்திலோ, கடலிலோ குளிக்கச் சென்று, தண்ணீரின் வேகத்தைத் தாக்குப் பிடிக்க முடியாமல், தத்தளித்துத் தடுமாறி, தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கி விடுவதைச் செய்திகளில் படித்திருப்பீர்கள்.

நீர் நிலைகளில் ஏற்படும் ஆபத்தின்போது உயிரைக் காப்பாற்றிக் கொள்ள நீச்சல் தேவைப்படுகிறது. பொதுவாக, குழந்தைகளுக்கு ஐந்து வயதில் நீச்சல் கற்றுத்தர ஆரம்பிக்கலாம். பதினெட்டு வயதுக்குள் நீச்சல் கற்றுக் கொள்ள வேண்டும். அதற்குப் பிறகு உடலின் எடை கூடிவிடும். மூட்டுகளில் அசையும் தன்மையும் நெகிழ்வுத் தன்மையும் குறைந்துவிடும். இந்தக் காரணங்களால், நீச்சல் கற்றுக்கொள்வது கடினம். பத்து வயதுக்குள் ஒருவர் நீச்சல் கற்றுக் கொண்டால், அவர் தனக்கு ஒரு சொத்து சேர்த்து வைத்ததற்குச் சமம். இது பற்றிய விரிவாக இன்று ஒரு தகவலில் பார்க்கலாம் .இது உங்களுக்கு நிச்சையம் பயனுள்ளதாக இருக்கும்

நீச்சல் பயிற்சியின் நன்மைகள்:

நீச்சல் பயிற்சி என்பது ஒரு காற்றலைப் பயிற்சி. நுரையீரல் வலுப்பெறுவதற்கும் இதயத்தில் ரத்த ஓட்டம் சீராக இயங்குவதற்கும் நீச்சல் பயிற்சி நன்கு உதவுகிறது. தொடர்ந்து நீச்சல் பயிற்சி செய்து வருபவர்களுக்கு எலும்பு மூட்டு தொடர்பான நோய்கள் வருவது குறைகிறது. முக்கியமாக முதுகுவலி, கழுத்துவலி, முழங்கால் மூட்டுவலி போன்றவை பாதிக்காது. மன அழுத்தம் உள்ளவர்கள் தினமும் நீந்துவதைப் பழக்கப் படுத்திக் கொண்டால், மன அழுத்தம் குறைந்து, நாள் முழுவதும் உற்சாகமாகப் பணி செய்வார்கள். ’டௌவுன் சின்ட்ரோம்’ போன்ற மனநலக் குறைபாடு உள்ள குழந்தைகளுக்கும் நீச்சல் ஒரு நல்ல பயிற்சியே. சிறு வயதிலிருந்தே நீச்சல் பயிற்சியில் ஈடுபடுபவர்களுக்கு உடல் தசைகள் நல்ல வலுவுடன் இருக்கும். ஆரோக்கியம் கைகூடும்.

யாருக்கு நீச்சல் பயிற்சி ஆகாது?

வலிப்பு நோய் உள்ளவர்கள் நீச்சல் பயிற்சி செய்யாமல் இருப்பது நல்லது. காரணம், தண்ணீரில் வலிப்பு வந்தால் உயிருக்கு ஆபத்து வந்து சேரும். அவர்களைத் தண்ணீரிலிருந்து சமாளித்துக் கரை சேர்ப்பதும் கடினம். அதுபோல் மாற்றுத் திறனாளிகள், ரத்த அழுத்த நோய் உள்ளவர்கள், இதயநோயாளிகள், பிறவி இதயக் குறைபாடு உள்ள குழந்தைகள், ஆஸ்துமா போன்ற சுவாசம் தொடர்பான ஒவ்வாமை நோய் உள்ளவர்கள் நீச்சல் பயிற்சி செய்யக்கூடாது.

நீச்சல் பயிற்சியில் பெற்றோர் பங்கு என்ன?

குழந்தைக்கு நீச்சல் கற்றுத்தர வேண்டும் என்று தீர்மானித்து விட்டால், பயிற்சிக்குத் தேவையான உடல் தகுதி குழந்தைக்கு உள்ளதா என்பதை மருத்துவரிடம் கேட்டுத் தெரிந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும். வீட்டுக்கு அருகில் உள்ள நீச்சல் குளம் பயிற்சிக்கு உகந்தது. அதில் நீச்சல் கற்றுக் கொள்வதற்கு வசதியாக குறைந்த அளவு ஆழம், நல்ல அகலம், தூமையான தண்ணீர், சுழற்சி முறையில் தண்ணீர் வெளியேற்றப்படும் வசதி, மிதவை போன்ற கருவிகள் முதலியவை அவசியம் இருக்க வேண்டும். எட்டுக் குழந்தைகளுக்கு ஒரு பயிற்சியாளரும், அனுபவமிக்க லைஃப் கார்டும் இருக்கிறார்களா என்பதைப் பெற்றோர் சரிபார்த்துக் கொள்ள வேண்டும். நீச்சல் பயிற்சியின்போது அப்பா, அம்மா,தாத்தா, பாட்டி, மாமா என்று உறவினர் யாராவது உடனிருக்க வேண்டும். டிரைவர், வேலையாள் போன்றவர்களை அனுப்பக்கூடாது.

நீரில் ஏற்படும் ஆபத்து:

குளத்தில் அல்லது கடலில் குளிக்கும்போது, படகில் செல்லும்போது, நீச்சல் பயிற்சியின்போது எதிர்பாராதவிதமாக தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கிவிடலாம். நீந்தத் தெரியாதவர்கள் அப்போது வேகமாக சுவாசித்து, தண்ணீரைக் குடித்து, திக்குமுக்காடுவார்கள். இந்த நிலைமையில் நுரையீரலுக்குள் தண்ணீர் புகுந்துவிடும். காற்று இருக்க வேண்டிய இடத்தில் இப்போது தண்ணீர் இருப்பதால், மூளைக்கு பிராண வாயு கிடைக்காது. இதன் விளைவால், அந்த நபரின் மூளைக்குப் பாதிப்பு ஏற்பட்டு, மயக்கம் உண்டாகி, தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கிவிடுவார். உயிரிழப்பார்.

எப்படிக் காப்பாற்றுவது?

நன்றாக நீந்தத் தெரிந்தவர்கள் மட்டுமே தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கியவர்களுக்கு முதலுதவி செய்ய முன்வர வேண்டும். நீச்சல் தெரியாதவர்கள் இதில் ஈடுபடக் கூடாது.

தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கியவரைக் காப்பாற்ற உதவும் முதலுதவி முறைகள் ஐந்து. அவை; அணுகுதல், கையால் இழுத்தல், எறிதல், கருவி கொண்டு இழுத்தல், அருகில் செல்லுதல். பாதிக்கப்பட்ட நபர் நினைவோடு இருக்கிறார், அதேநேரம் தண்ணீரில் தத்தளிக்கிறார் என்றால், அவருக்குக் கம்பு, கயிறு, களி, குச்சி, மரக்கிளை, வேஷ்டி, போர்வை, டவல் போன்றவற்றில் ஒன்றை நீட்டி, அதைப் பற்றிக்கொள்ளச் செய்து, அதை உங்கள் பக்கமாக இழுங்கள். இதை நீங்கள் செய்யும்போது, தண்ணீரில் தத்தளிக்கும் நபர், உங்களைத் தண்ணீருக்குள் இழுத்துவிடாமல் பாதுகாத்துக் கொள்ளுங்கள்.

பாதிக்கப்பட்ட நபர் எட்ட முடியாத தூரத்தில் இருக்கிறார் என்றால், தண்ணீரில் மிதக்கக்கூடிய பொருள்களில் ஒன்றை – எடுத்துக்காட்டாக, கார் டயர், காற்றடைத்த பெரிய பந்து, மர மிதவைகள், ஃபோம் மெத்தைகள் போன்றவற்றில் ஒன்றை அவரை நோக்கி வீசுங்கள். அதைப் பற்றிக் கொண்டு அவர் கரைக்கு மீண்டு வந்துவிடுவார். ஒருவேளை அந்த நபர் வெகு தொலைவில் இருந்தால், நீங்கள் நன்கு நீச்சல் தெரிந்தவராக இருந்தால், அவருக்கு அருகில் சென்று அவரைக் காப்பாற்ற கவனத்துடன் முயற்சி செய்யுங்கள்.

என்ன முதலுதவி செய்வது?

* தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கியவருக்குச் சுவாசம் உள்ளதா, நாடித்துடிப்பு உள்ளதா என்று பார்த்துக் கொள்ளுங்கள்.

* தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கியவர்கள் பெரும்பாலும் அதிகமாகத் தண்ணீர் குடித்து விடுவார்கள். நுரையீரலிலும் இரைப்பையிலும் தண்ணீர் நிரம்பிவிடுவதால் வயிறு வீங்கி, சுவாசிக்கச் சிரமப்படுவார்கள். ஆகவே, இந்தத் தண்ணீரை வெளியேற்றுவதற்கு, முதலுதவி செய்யும் நபர் வேகமாகவும் விவேகத்துடனும் செயல்பட வேண்டும்.

* தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கியவரைக் குப்புறப்படுக்க வைத்து, தலையைப் பக்கவாட்டில் திருப்பி வைத்துக்கொண்டு, முதுகையும் வயிற்றையும் அமுக்க வேண்டும். இவ்வாறு பத்து நிமிடங்களுக்குத் தொடர்ந்து செய்யவேண்டும்.

* அந்த நபருக்குச் சுவாசம் நின்றிருந்தால் அல்லது மூச்சுத் திணறல் இருந்தால், செயற்கை சுவாசம் தர வேண்டும்.

* இதயத்துடிப்பு நின்றிருந்தால் இதய மசாஜ் தர வேண்டும்.

* இதற்கு ‘இதய சுவாச மறு உயிர்ப்புச் சிகிச்சை’ (cardiopulmonary resuscitation – சுருக்கமாக – CPR) என்று பெயர்.

* இதைப் பள்ளியில் படிக்கும் போதே தெரிந்து வைத்துக்கொண்டால் நல்லது.

செயற்கை சுவாசம் தருவது எப்படி?

* அந்த நபரை மல்லாக்கப் படுக்க வைக்க வேண்டும்.

* அவருடைய பற்களுக்கிடையில் மரக்கட்டை அல்லது துணியைப் பல மடிப்புகளாக மடித்து வைத்து, வாயைத் திறந்தபடி வைத்துக் கொள்ள வேண்டும்.

* காற்று செல்லும் பாதை தடையில்லாமல் உள்ளதா என்று சரிபார்த்துக் கொள்ள வேண்டும்.

* முக்கியமாக, வாயில் அந்நியப் பொருள்கள் ஏதேனும் இருந்தால், அகற்றி விட வேண்டும்.

* பாதிக்கப்பட்டவரின் மூக்கை விரல்கள் கொண்டு மூடி, அவரது வாயில் முதலுதவி செய்பவரின் வாயை வைத்துக் காற்றை பலமாக ஊதி உள்ளே செலுத்த வேண்டும். இதனால், அவரது மார்பு உயரும். அப்போது முதலுதவி செய்பவர் வாயை எடுத்துவிட வேண்டும். மீண்டும் ஊத வேண்டும். இவ்வாறு நிமிடத்துக்கு 12 முறை ஊத வேண்டும்.

* குழந்தையாக இருந்தால் நிமிடத்துக்கு 30 முறை ஊத வேண்டும்.

இதய மசாஜ் தருவது எப்படி?

* சுவாசத்துக்கு வழி செய்யும் அதே நேரத்தில் இதயத் துடிப்புக்கும் வழி செய்ய வேண்டும். அந்த நபரின் நடு நெஞ்சில் முதலுதவி செய்பவரின் உள்ளங்கைகளை ஒன்றன்மேல் ஒன்றாக வைத்து, மார்பை பலமாக அழுத்த வேண்டும். நிமிடத்துக்கு 80 அழுத்தம் என்று மொத்தம் 15 முறை தொடர்ந்து அழுத்தம் தர வேண்டும். இதனால் இதயம் துடிக்க ஆரம்பிக்கும்.

* நான்கு சுழற்சிகள் இதய மசாஜ் செய்துவிட்டு, இரண்டு முறை செயற்கைச் சுவாசம் தர வேண்டும்.

* பாதிக்கப்பட்ட நபருக்கு சுவாசம் மற்றும் நாடித்துடிப்பு ஏறுபடும்வரை இதைத் தொடர வேண்டும்.

* அதேநேரத்தில் தாமதிக்காமல் மருத்துவச் சிகிச்சைக்கும் ஏற்பாடு செய்ய வேண்டும். அப்போதுதான் தண்ணீரில் மூழ்கியவரை முழுமையாகக் காப்பாற்ற முடியும்.

* இதற்கு, பாதிக்கப்பட்ட நபரை 108 ஆம்புலன்ஸ் உதவியால் உடனடியாக மருத்துவமனைக்கு அழைத்துச் செல்ல வேண்டும்.

Traffic Violations - Riyadh

Traffic violations table number (1)

1- Driving the vehicles before getting a driving license.

2- Driving the vehicle without license plates (with impoundment of the vehicle until the removal of the violation).

3- Driving the vehicle without a rear license plate (with impoundment of the vehicle until the removal of the violation).

4- To use different license plates other than those belong to the vehicle (with impoundment of the vehicle until the removal of the violation).

5- To use illegal license plates (with impoundment of the vehicle until the removal of the violation).

6- To install equipment in the vehicle, similar to equipment of official vehicles and emergency vehicles (with impoundment of the vehicle until the removal of the violation).

7- To obliterate or attempt to obliterate the special features that define the vehicles (with impoundment of the vehicle until the removal of the violation).

8- Driving the vehicle under the influence of intoxicant or medical narcotic drugs that he had been warned of its narcotic influence.

9- To cross the traffic light at the red light.

10- To drive the vehicle in opposite direction of the traffic flow.

11- To drive elusively in high speed between vehicles on public roads.

12- To exceed the speed limit by more than twenty-five kilometers per hour.

13- To overtake in areas where overtaking is prohibited such as corners and the highlands.

14- To park on railways.

15- Not covering or proper wrapping of loads.

16- To carry out works on public roads prior to coordination with the competent department.

17- No full stops at (Stop) sing.

18- Not giving priority through full stopping at ( priority ahead) in the case of the passage of vehicles on the road which has been given the priority.

19- Not giving priority to vehicles coming from the right side at the intersection of equal priorities at the same time, and when there is no priority sign.

20- Not giving priority to vehicles on the main road in the absence of priority sign.

21- Non-compliance with the hand signals of a traffic policeman when organizing the traffic, and not giving his signals the priority over the traffic lights.

22- Not giving the priority to vehicles inside the roundabout in the absence of traffic lights or a traffic policeman to direct the traffic flow.

23- Driving a vehicle without the necessary equipment such as brakes, lights, or their equivalent, putting public safety at risk (with impoundment of the vehicle

until the removal of the violation).

24- Not using lights needed when driving or in bad weather conditions where visibility is not clear.

25- Driving the vehicle inside a tunnel without lighting its lights.

Traffic violations table number (2)

1- To modify the vehicle or addition of parts to its body without taking the legal

procedures to make such modifications ( with the impoundment of the

vehicle until the removal of the violation).

2- To drive public works, industrial, agricultural or construction vehicles on public roads before taking the necessary actions to avoid damaging the roads, we well as mounting of reflectors on both rear sides of the vehicle ( with the impoundment of the vehicle until the removal of the violation).

3- Driving a vehicle that causes pollution to the environment on public roads ( with the impoundment of the vehicle until the removal of the violation).

4- To exceed the speed limit by not more than twenty-five kilometers per hour.

5- To ruin and damage road signs, marks, reflectors and boards of traffic.

6- Non-stop at checkpoints or for security patrols in the presence of stop signal or sign to stop.

7- Non-compliance with traffic regulations at intersections.

8- Using the vehicle for the purpose other than the registered purpose.

9- To transport a number of passengers more than the number specified in the registration license.

10- To load passengers in areas not specified for them in the vehicle.

11- To refuse showing the vehicle of the driving legal document to the authorized parties.

12- Non-compliance with road lanes.

13- Leaving objects or things on public roads, hence, putting public safety at risk.

14- Not giving the priority to official convoys or to emergency vehicles.

15- Overtaking school buses while stopping for loading and unloading.

16- Driving with an expired driving license.

Traffic violations table number (3)

1- Non-availability of the statutory requirements of the trailer.

2- Failure to take the periodical vehicles technical inspection test.

3- To violate the rules for using lights when meeting other vehicles.

4- Not taking the necessary precautions when stopping the vehicles in emergency cases.

5- Installation of obstacles inside the vehicle which obstruct the driving vision.

6- Not having a driving license or driving permit while driving.

7- Leaving the vehicle on a slippery road without taking the necessary precautions.

8- in violation of road traffic regulations.

9- Failure to maintain the vehicle’s license plates.

10- Failure to complete the procedures for transferring the vehicle’s ownership.

11- Failure to complete the procedures for amending the vehicle’s purpose use.

12- Unbuckling of safety seat belts.

13- Non-use of children safety seats.

14- Non-observance of priority to pass rules.

15- Not exporting of vehicles meant for export within the given period.

16- Using of mobile phone by hand while driving.

17- Misuse of the vehicle horn.

18- Not wearing a helmet when driving a motorcycle.

19- Driving the vehicle in undedicated lanes.

20- Failure of animals’ owners to move their animals away from the roads.

Traffic violations table number (41)

1- To equip the vehicle with unauthorized devices or to place indecent slogans or posters that violate the public morals.

2- To leave the vehicle on public roads in areas not allocated for such vehicle with a necessity.

3- Throwing of any objects outside the vehicle during driving.

4- To drive thee vehicle without a front license plate.

5- Passengers to get out/in the vehicle while moving.

6- Pedestrians crossing the road from places other than places designated for their passage.

7- Pedestrians’ non-compliance with their directive sings.

8- To drive slowly which impede the traffic flow.

9- Parking in places not intended for parking.

10- To park in people of special needs parking spaces if not allowed to do so.

11- Not paying attention to the road while driving the vehicle.

12- The lack of an insurance policy.

Quit Smoking

Home Remedies to Quit smoking

• Honey is the best food source that is rich in vitamins, enzymes, proteins and amino acids that helps dealing with cigarette addiction and helps in quit smoking.
• Eating high alkaline foods also helps to quit smoking.
• Mix fresh grated radish with 2 teaspoon of honey and drink it as a juice.
• Chewing licorice stick is a safe and the best substitute for a cigarette and helps in quit smoking.
• Drinking grape juice is the best drink that helps to quit smoking.
• Orange juice is acidic in nature and the first step in quitting smoking as to eliminate the nicotine from the body. Drinking orange juice twice a day is useful.
• Dissolve two tablespoons of baking soda also called sodium bicarbonate in a glass of water and drink this with every meal. This will help in quitting the habit of smoking.

Alcoholism

Causes of Alcoholism

Irregular drink

Alcoholism starts with the person taking an infrequent drink. This regularly becomes a routine and leads to a condition where the person cannot do devoid of alcohol. Some citizens drink alcohol to liven up social gatherings below social force; for others, it is an run off from the everyday jobs or stresses of life.

Alcoholism Treatment

Alcoholism treatment by means of Grapes

The most essential home medicine for alcoholism is a special diet, for a month or so, of grapes. Because this fruit contains the purest form of alcohol, it is a perfect yet well alternate for alcohol. Alcoholics be made-up to take three meals a day of fresh grapes at five-hourly intervals. The achievement of this treatment depends on the strength of mind of the alcoholic to discontinue drinking. One of the effective and simple home remedies for alcoholism

Alcoholism treatment with Apples

Apples are one more effective medicine for alcoholism. A generous eating of apples helps get rid of intoxication and reduces the longing for wines and additional intoxicating liquors.

Alcoholism treatment by means of Dates

Dates are considered helpful in the treatment of alcoholism. The patient is supposed to drink half a glass of water in which four or five dates have been rubbed jointly. This medicine should be taken two times daily for a month. It will bring clear-cut relief. One of the well liked home remedies for alcoholism

Alcoholism treatment by means of Bitter Gourd

The juice of the leaves of bitter gourd is a cure for alcohol intoxication. It is also helpful for a liver damaged due to alcoholism. Three teaspoons of this juice, mixed with a glass of butter milk, should be taken each morning for a month. One of the best home remedies for alcoholism

Alcoholism treatment by means of Celery

The juice of raw celery has also been found helpful in alcoholism. It workout a sobering result on the patient and is an cure to alcohol. Half a glass of celery juice mixed with an identical quantity of water be supposed to be taken once daily for a month.

Diet for alcoholism healing

Make up body's dietary integrity, juice fast

The most efficient way to treat alcoholism is to assemble up the body's dietary integrity so as to stop craving for stimulants similar to drinks. The patient be supposed to be put on a purification juice fast for at least ten days in the start. For the duration of the juice fast, the patient will slowly feel less craving for alcohol. This is a good start towards breaking the drinking habit. The patient should eat a number of small meals a day in preference to two or three huge ones. Plenty of relax and outside physical exercises are also essential.

Best diet and fresh fruit juice

After the primary fast of juices, the patient ought to take an optimum diet of very important nutrients consisting of wholegrain cereals, nuts, seeds and sprouts, fresh fruits, and vegetables. It is desirable that at the introduction of the treatment, the patient is given an appropriate alternate to reduce the craving if and when it occurs. The best alternate drink for alcohol is a glass of fresh fruit juice. The patient is supposed to drink juices and eat candy or other snacks if he feels a craving for a stimulant. One of the good home remedies for alcoholism

Stay away from refined foods

All refined foods such as sugar, white rice, macaroni foodstuffs, strong condiments, white flour, and meat be supposed to be avoided.

Other suggestions and herbal treatments intended for alcoholism

Solid willingness of alcoholic to discontinue drinking

The most vital step towards breaking the 'alcohol habit' is the enthusiasm of an alcoholic to do so. He must make a hard resolve to make a clean break at once, as giving up in stages is next to not possible.

Warm-water enema and bodily exercises

Throughout the first ten days of the 'juice fast', a warm-water enema ought to be taken each day to cleanse the bowels. Plenty of rest and outdoor physical exercises are also essential.

Stay away from smoking

Smoking must be avoided as it increases the wish for alcohol.

Home Remedies for Diabetes

Diabetes treatment with Bitter Gourd: Home Remedy for Diabetes

Among the several home remedies that have proved helpful in controlling diabetes, perhaps the most vital is the use of bitter gourd. It has lately been established that bitter gourd contains a hypoglycaemic or insulin-like principle, designated as 'plantinsulin', which has been found precious in lowering the blood and urine sugar levels. It should, therefore, be included generously in the diet of the diabetic. For better results, the diabetic must take the juice of about four or five karelas each morning on an empty stomach. The seeds can be added to food in a powdered state. Diabetics can also use bitter gourd in the state of a decoction by boiling the pieces in water or in the form of dry powder. One of the good home remedies for diabetes.

Diabetes treatment with Indian Gooseberry: Home Remedy for Diabetes

Indian gooseberry, with its high vitamin C content, is considered precious in diabetes. A tablespoon of its juice, mixed with a cup of bitter gourd juice, taken daily for two months, will arouses the islets of Langerhans, that is, the isolated group of cells that secrete the hormone insulin in the pancreas. This mixture decreases the blood sugar in diabetes.

Diabetes treatment with Jambul Fruit: Home Remedy for Diabetes

Jambul fruit is another useful home remedy. It is regarded in customary medicine as a specific against diabetes because of its effect on the pancreas. The fruit as such, the seeds, and fruit juice are all helpful in the treatment of this disease. The seeds contain a glucoside 'jamboline' which is supposed to have the power to check the pathological conversion of starch into sugar in cases of increased production of glucose. The seeds must be dried and powdered. One teaspoon of this powder should be mixed in one cup of milk or water or half a cup of curd, and taken two times daily. The internal bark of the jambul tree is also used in the treatment of diabetes. The bark is dried out and burnt. It will create an ash of white colour. This ash must be pestled in mortar, strained and bottled. The diabetic patient must be given ten grams of this ash on an empty stomach with water in the morning, and twenty grams in the afternoon, and in the evening an hour after taking meals. An equal amount of amla powder, jamun powder, and bitter gourd powder also makes a very useful remedy for diabetes. A teaspoon of this mixture once or twice a day would be efficient in checking the progress of the disease. One of the best home remedies for diabetes.

Diabetes treatment with Grapefruit: Home Remedy for Diabetes

Grapefruit is a fine food in the diet of a diabetic patient. If grapefruits were eaten more generously, there would be much less diabetes. If you have sugar, use three grapefruits three times in a day. If you do not have sugar, but a propensity towards it and want to prevent it, use three a day. One of the simple home remedies for diabetes.

Diabetes treatment with Fenugreek: Home Remedy for Diabetes

The seeds of fenugreek have been found useful in the treatment of diabetes. Fenugreek seeds, when given in changeable doses of 25 gm to 100 gm daily, diminish reactive hyperglycaemia in diabetic patients. Levels of glucose, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides were also appreciably reduced in the diabetes patients when the seeds were consumed. One of the useful home remedies for diabetes.

Diabetes treatment with Bengal Gram

Experiments have shown that the drinking of water extract of Bengal gram enhances the use of glucose in both diabetic and normal persons. When kept on a diet which incorporated liberal supplements of Bengal gram extract, the condition of tile patient improved considerably and his insulin requirement was decreased to about twenty units per day. Diabetes patients who are on a set diet which does not severely limit the intake of carbohydrates, but includes liberal amounts of Bengal gram extract, have shown significant improvement in their fasting blood sugar levels, glucose tolerance, urinary excretion of sugar, and general condition.

Diabetes treatment via Black Gram: Home Remedy for Diabetes

For a milder sort of diabetes, two tablespoons of germinated black gram, taken with half a cup of fresh bitter gourd juice and a teaspoon of honey, is said to be valuable. It should be taken once each day for three to four months. A limit should be placed on the intake of carbohydrates. Still in severe cases, regular use of this combination, with other precautions, is helpful as a health-giving food for the prevention of various complications that may arise due to malnutrition in diabetics. One of the popular home remedies for diabetes.

Diabetes treatment with Mango Leaves

The tender leaves of the mango tree are measured useful in diabetes. An infusion is prepared by soaking 15 gm of fresh leaves in 250 ml of water overnight, and squeezing them fine in the water in the moming. This filtrate should be taken every morning to manage early diabetes. As an option, the leaves should be dried in the shade, powdered and preserved for use when necessary. Half a teaspoon of this powder should be taken two times in a day.

Diabetes treatment via Parslane: Home Remedy for Diabetes

The seeds of parslane are helpful in diabetes. A teaspoon of the seeds should be taken each day with half a cup of water for three to four months. It will raises the body's own insulin and help in curing diabetes. One of the simple but effective home remedies for diabetes.

Diabetes treatment via Other Foods

Besides bitter gourd, certain other vegetables have been found helpful in diabetes. These comprise string beans, cucumber, onion, and garlic. Tea made of the pods of string beans is important in diabetes.

Diet for Diabetes

Dietary Rules for Diabetes Management

Three methods of treatment are normally followed depending on the individual and severity of the conditions.
1) Diet alone
2) Diet and Oral hypoglycemic drugs and
3) Diet & insulin.

A mild diabetic can administer his disease with control on his diet alone. A severe diabetic wants dietary control along with insulin. However, whatever the form of controlling diabetes, reliability, routine and regulation should be strictly pursued

Types for Foods to be eaten for Diabetics

A diabetic must pursue a low carbohydrates, low fat & moderate protein diet. The diet should be high in complex carbohydrates means high fibre diet like vegetables, whole legumes, whole wheat products, oats etc. Products made from refined wheat flours should be limited. Salads can be consumed in any quantities but high fat salad dressings should be restricted. Fruits can be taken as per suggested by your dietician, fruit juices should be avoided and whenever possible fruit must be taken with the skin eg. Apple, Pear etc. If possible avoid fruits along with your meals and you can take it 2 hours after or before a meal.

Each meal should enclose some source of protein as it doesn’t increase the blood sugar instantly
For eg. In breakfast you can consume oats porridge, which enclose oats as well as milk. Proteins must not be taken too much in excess as it may lead to renal troubles.

A diabetic patient must worry about the fat content of his diet. Many foods have some amount of unseen fats such as whole milk, egg yolk, and red meats.

Choose skimmed milk, egg whites, de-skinned chicken and use very small quantity of visible fats like oil, Ghee, butter in your daily diet.

Other Proposals for Diabetes

Rules for Diabetics

-Exercise regularly, it keeps you fit and assists in controlling diabetes. Light exercise such as jogging, swimming or brisk walking is good.
-Do not walk naked feet. Reduced sensations can result in injury.
-Do not miss a food after insulin or oral anti diabetic drugs.
-Do not vary the dose of the anti-diabetic drugs, except under medical advice.
-Test urine frequently.

The main objective of nutrition for diabetics is to avoid highs & lows of blood sugar so you can feel well today and in the future. So it is vital to remember these 3 points.
1) The timing of your meals & snacks is very essential. Eat meals & snacks at the same time every day or as close to the same time as likely. Comprise a snack if you are exercising or if your blood sugar gets low. If these are happening frequently then consult your physician.
2) If you are taking insulin or a diabetic tablets, always eat bed time snack. Stick to your serving dimension. If you eat more then what you are required to may lift up your blood sugar.

ASHRAE - Tools

Advancing HVAC&R to serve humanity and promote a sustainable world 1791 Tullie Circle, NE • Atlanta, Georgia • 30329 • www.ashrae.org

ASHRAE Digital Tools—15 CDs for HVAC&R Success Most professionals in HVAC&R today understand the benefits of digital media: Faster information access and easy application with search and print functions Special features (animations and software) not feasible for printed material, which also make great training and presentation tools Savings due to lower manufacturing, storage, shipping costs, and more efficient and effective use of resources Risk reduction from better access to more complete standards and guidelines But even longtime members of ASHRAE are often surprised at how many digital tools ASHRAE offers. Here are ASHRAE’s fifteen most popular. These CDs cover a wide range of applications and areas, but they all have something in common: they’re powerful tools you'll find very useful.

Baby Care

Once Baby Arrives

Foodborne illness is a serious health issue, especially for your new baby and any other children in your home. Each year in the U.S., 800,000 illnesses affect children under the age of 10. Infants and young children are particularly vulnerable to foodborne illness because their immune systems are not developed enough to fight off foodborne bacterial infections. That's why extra care should be taken when handling and preparing their food.

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Infants and young children are particularly vulnerable to foodborne illness because their immune systems are not developed enough to fight off foodborne bacterial infections. In fact, 800,000 illnesses affect children under the age of 10 in the U.S. each year.

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Handwashing

Your First Step in Keeping Your Children Safe

Your hands can pick up bacteria and spread bacteria to your baby - for example, from:

• Diapers containing feces and urine
• Raw meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs
• Pets, such as dogs, cats, turtles, snakes, birds, and lizards.
• Soil

Washing your hands can remove harmful bacteria, so wash your hands often to help prevent foodborne illness. Also, teach your children how and when to wash their hands.

3 Critical Handwashing Steps

1. Wet your hands thoroughly with warm water and add soap.
2. Thoroughly scrub your hands, wrists, fingernails, and in between fingers - for at least 20 seconds.
3. Rinse, then dry hands with a clean cloth towel or use a paper towel so the germs are thrown away.

"Washing hands is one of the most important actions parents can take to prevent foodborne illness in their children." (FDA)

When to Wash

• Before and after handling food.
• After using the bathroom, changing diapers, or handling pets.

Who's Not Washing?
According to a Penn State University study on mothers with infants less than four months old:

41% didn't wash their hands after petting animals;
32% didn't wash their hands after changing the baby's diaper;
15% didn't wash their hands after using the bathroom;
10% didn't wash their hands after handling raw meat;
5% didn't wash their hands after gardening or working with soil.

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Foodborne Illness: When to Call the Doctor

Prevention is key to keeping your baby safe from infections. However, food-handling mistakes can happen. If your baby experiences any of the following symptoms, he or she may have foodborne illness and may need to see a doctor:

• Blood in diarrhea
• Prolonged, high fever
• Not taking fluids
• Not able to keep anything down due to vomiting

In these cases, take your baby to a doctor or health-care provider immediately. He or she can properly diagnose foodborne illness, have the specific bacteria identified if necessary, and prescribe the best treatment.

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Handling Baby's Food Safely...

Protect your baby and young children by following these DOs and DON'Ts for preparing and handling their food safely.

DOs:

• Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for preparing bottles before filling them with formula or milk. Observe "use-by" dates on formula cans.
• Check to see that the safety button on the lid of commercial baby-food jars is down. If the jar lid doesn't "pop" when opened, don't use the product. Discard any jars with chipped glass or rusty lids.
• Use detergent and hot water to wash all blenders, food processors, and utensils (including the can opener) that come in contact with a baby's foods. Rinse well with hot water after washing.
• Transport bottles and food in an insulated cooler when traveling with the baby. Perishable items (milk, formula, or food) left out of the refrigerator or without a cold source for more than two hours should not be used. Cold temperatures keep most harmful bacteria from multiplying.
• Place the ice chest in the passenger compartment of the car. It's cooler than the trunk.
• Use frozen gel packs to keep food or bottles cold on long outings.
• Freeze home-made baby food by putting the mixture into an ice cube tray. Note: One cube equals one serving. Cover with heavy-duty plastic wrap and place the tray in the freezer. Once the food cubes are frozen, pop them into a freezer bag or airtight container and date it. Store for up to three months (discard unused food after three months). As an option, small jars can also be used for freezing. Leave about 1/2 inch of space at the top because food expands when frozen.

DON'Ts: Don't make more formula than you will need. Formula can become contaminated during preparation. If a large quantity of formula is prepared and not properly refrigerated, bacteria can multiply to very large numbers. The more bacteria there are, the greater the chances for foodborne illness. Preparing formula in smaller quantities on an as-needed basis greatly reduces the possibility of contamination. If using powder, reconstitute immediately before feeding. If using liquid concentrates or ready-to-feed products, follow label instructions provided by the manufacturer. Don't put a bottle back in the refrigerator if the baby doesn't finish it. Harmful bacteria from a baby's mouth can be introduced into the bottle during feeding; they can grow and multiply even after refrigeration (some bacteria can grow at refrigerator temperatures) and reheating. The temperature that's needed to kill harmful bacteria is extremely high for consumption by a baby. Also, it's not a good idea to repeatedly reheat formula because lots of nutrients can be lost. Don't feed a baby from a jar of baby food and then put it in the refrigerator. Saliva on the spoon may contaminate the remaining food. Instead, put a serving size on a dish. Refrigerate the food remaining in the jar. Throw away the food in the serving dish that's not eaten. Don't use honey as a sweetener to entice babies to drink water from a bottle. Honey isn't safe for children less than a year old. It can contain the Clostridium botulinum organism that could cause serious illness or death. Don't give raw or unpasteurized milk or unpasteurized fruit or vegetable juice to infants or young children. Unpasteurized milk or juice may contain harmful bacteria. Unpasteurized juices are normally found in the refrigerated sections of grocery stores, health-food stores, cider mills, or farm markets. Such juices must have this warning on the label: WARNING: This product has not been pasteurized and therefore may contain harmful bacteria that can cause serious illness in children, the elderly, and persons with weakened immune systems. NOTE: Juices that are fresh-squeezed and sold by the glass, such as at farmer's markets, at roadside stands, or in some juice bars, may not be pasteurized, or otherwise treated to ensure their safety. Warning labels are not required on these products. Young children should avoid these juices. If you can't tell if a juice has been processed to destroy harmful bacteria, either don't use the product or boil it to kill any harmful bacteria. Don't leave formula out at room temperature for more than 2 hours. Harmful bacteria can grow rapidly in food at room temperature. Discard formula that's been left out for more than two hours. Don't place dirty diapers in the same bag with bottles or food. Harmful bacteria from a dirty diaper can spread to baby's food. Don't give infants "teas" brewed from star anise. Brewed "teas" containing star anise have been associated with illnesses affecting infants. The illnesses ranged from serious neurological effects, such as seizures, to vomiting, jitteriness, and rapid eye movement.

Two Ways to Heat Breast Milk or Formula

(for bottles with disposable inserts or hard plastic and glass bottles)

1. In Hot Tap Water
   Place bottle under hot, running tap water until the desired temperature is reached. This should take one-to-two minutes.
2. On the Stove
   Heat water in a pan. Remove the pan from the heat and set the bottle in it until it's warm.

Special Notes: When heating baby's milk, always shake the liquid to even out the temperature and test on top of your hand - not the wrist (this is one of the areas least sensitive to heat) - before feeding. Milk that's "baby-ready" should feel lukewarm. Heating breast milk or infant formula in the microwave is not recommended. Studies have shown that microwaves heat baby's milk and food unevenly. This results in "hot spots" that can scald a baby's mouth and throat.

Safe Microwaving of Solid Foods

Studies show that the when baby food is microwaved in a jar, it's often heated unevenly. The hottest places are in the center of the foods. The coolest places are next to the glass sides, which could lead you to believe that the food is not too hot. Follow these precautions when microwaving baby's food.

• Don't microwave baby foods in the jar. Instead, transfer the food to a dish before microwaving it. This way the food can be stirred and taste-tested for temperature.
• Microwave 4 ounces of solid food in a dish for about 15 seconds on high power. Always stir, let stand 30 seconds, and taste-test before feeding.
• Don't heat baby-food meats, meat sticks or eggs in the microwave. Use the stovetop instead. These foods have a high fat content, and since microwaves heat fats faster than other substances, these foods can cause splattering and overheating.

Special Note: When heating baby's food, always stir, let stand 30 seconds, and taste-test before feeding. Food that's "baby-ready" should taste or feel lukewarm.

How to Store Mother's Milk

Careful home handling and storage of breast milk is essential in preserving its special qualities. Here's how to properly store breast milk:

• Refrigerate breast milk if it will be used within 24 hours. If the milk will not be used in that time, it should be frozen - but only for a maximum of 3-6 months. Date it when you freeze it.
• Store breast milk in the back of the freezer, not in the freezer door. The door is the warmest spot in the freezer. This avoids the possibility of unintentionally defrosting the milk, which can happen with frequent openings and closings of the door.

SAFE STORAGE OF BABY FOOD
LIQUIDS Refrigerator Freezer Expressed breast milk 24 hours 3 to 6 months Formula (stored in individual baby bottles) 2 days Not recommended Whole milk 5 days 3 months Reconstituted evaporated milk 3 to 5 days Not recommended
SOLIDS - opened or freshly made Refrigerator Freezer Strained fruits and vegetables 2 to 3 days 6 to 8 months Strained meats and eggs 1 day 1 to 2 months Meat/vegetable combinations 1 to 2 days 1 to 2 months Homemade baby foods 1 to 2 days 3 to 4 months

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Important Tips to Remember for Baby...

• Don't leave baby food solids or liquids out at room temperature for more than two hours.
• Don't put a bottle or baby-food back in the refrigerator if the baby doesn't finish it.
• To reduce the risks of choking, be watchful of babies and young children while they are eating, and teach children to chew their food well.
  (In addition, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children younger than 4 years old not be fed any round, firm food unless it is cut into small pieces no larger than one-half inch.)
  For more on choking, see

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